The anatomy of a mouse is common to most mammals. In fact, the set up of a mouse’s internal organ structure is very similar to human beings. For this reason, mice have been used to aid in the discovery of new medicines and treatments for humans.
Mice possess all the same the organs we have. They have a heart, lungs, kidney, spleen, as well as large and small intestines, to name a few. The function of these organs is also very similar to humans and many laboratory mice have been bred specifically to assist in medical research of all kinds.
Mice breed quickly, so determining long term effects on subjects can be done in a relatively short amount of time. Several generations of mice can be grown in a lab setting over a few years’ time, thus enabling scientists to ascertain whether certain genetic traits will be passed on, or if illnesses or immunities are hereditary. Genetic research owes much of its success to laboratory mice and the experiments that have taken place on them in labs around the world.
Mice as test subjects are very efficient. They require little room, a simple diet and can exercise using a wheel in their cage. They are relatively clean and easy to handle, as well as being small enough to allow a number of them occupy a space easily monitored by scientists, enabling them to see changes rapidly.
In terms of their importance to science, almost all drugs currently approved and aiding humans were first tested by mice. They have contributed greatly to our wellbeing, and continue to help us discover cures for diseases or new treatments that are more effective. Hopefully, we will continue to find cures using mice as our partners in research.