Rats are the carriers of over 70 known diseases. They have been responsible for a large numbers of epidemics throughout history, and continue to undermine human health.
The most notorious disease that rats carry is the bubonic plague. This disease was known as the Black Plague during the Middle Ages. The fleas that lived on the rats, as well as the rats, were the transmitters of this deadly contagion that wiped out tens of thousands of people. Bubonic plague symptoms include weakness, headache and a cough. It can kill quickly.
The droppings and urine of rats are also responsible for other fatal illnesses. Rat urine spreads leptospirosis, a kidney and liver disease that causes failure of these organs. Half of the cases of leptospirosis are fatal. The urine and droppings of rats are the known spreaders of Hantavirus. This virus causes kidney failure and heart problems and can also be fatal.
Lymphocytic choriomeningitis, another virus that rats carry, is transmitted through the saliva. This disease causes flu-like symptoms, such as fever, muscle aches and exhaustion. It can also cause swelling of the brain and nervous system. Long-term effects can be present with this disease, but most people experience short discomfort.
Any contact with rats, alive or dead, can be very dangerous. Be sure you take every precaution if you must remove a rat. Never touch a rat or its waste without proper gloves and a facemask to protect you. If possible, rodent disposal should be handled by a pest control professional that will recommend secure solutions to getting rid of rats. The training and techniques that they employ can offer you peace of mind and a safe, healthy environment for you and your family.