Determining if you have rats in your home is fairly easy. There are two types of rats that are prevalent in North America, the roof rat and the Norway rat. Here are some characteristics of each species and some signs to look for if rats are occupying your home.
The roof rat, or the black rat is a very adept climber. Roof rats live above ground in trees or in the attics or eaves of homes. Roof rats prefer to be off the ground. They will get into cabinets, walls and ceilings, as well. Roof rats are black and have tails that are as long as their bodies. They are long, thin animals that can get into very small places.
The Norway rat is the other major species that inhabits much of North America. Unlike the roof rat, the Norway rats can exist in colder climates. Norway rats, also known as brown rats, are ground dwellers. They prefer living in burrows underground, close to the foundations of homes, or in gardens or fields. You can also find them in basements and garages, or on the ground level of houses within the walls. Norway rats are stocky, with shorter tails.
Roof rats and Norway rats both are very dangerous pests. They carry more than 70 diseases and a number of them are fatal to humans. Being aware of their habits can also help in identifying rats in your home. Rats are nocturnal, and they are constantly chewing on hard surfaces. Look for chew marks on wood and other hard surfaces. Listen for sounds after dark in your walls or attic, or in your basement. Also, look for droppings or waste that rats leave behind. Rat droppings are usually larger than mouse droppings. They are very dangerous and also can carry diseases, so handle the clean-up wearing a face mask and gloves to protect you.